Robert Havell Jr. (Engraver, printer and colorist); John James Audubon (Designer, draftsman, and publisher)
Place of Origin
London; London; England; United Kingdom; Europe
Origin Notes
Plate engraved, printed and colored by Havell in London.
Secondary Place of Origin
Louisiana; West Feliciana Parish; South; United States; North America
Secondary Origin Notes
Painted by Audubon while at Oakley, the Pirrie plantation near St. Francisville, where he was employed as a tutor during the summer of 1821. He wrote on the painting: "Bayou Sara, August 27, 1821." (Some scholars think only the female was painted at that date).
Date
1831-1839
Mark/Signature/Inscription/Label
Type: Inscription
Location: Bottom left beneath image
Inscription: Drawn from Nature & Published by John J. Audubon. F,R,S. F,L,S.
Type: Inscription
Location: Bottom right beneath image
Inscription: Engraved, Printed, & Coloured, by R.Havell.
Mark/Signature: Yes
Subject(s)
Zoological illustration
Materials
Ink
Watercolor
Paper (wove)
Techniques
Aquatint
Etched
Hand colored
Painted
Dimensions (inches)
38.2 (H) x 25.7 (W) x 18.8 (Image H) x 11.5 (Image W)
Dimensions (centimeters)
97.1 (H) x 65.2 (W) x 47.8 (Image H) x 29.2 (Image W)
Measurement Notes
H at right. W at bottom. Plate H: 19.5 in. (49.5 cm). Plate W: 12.2 in. (31.0 cm).
Publisher Summary
J. Audubon
Place of Publication
London, England, United Kingdom, Europe
Publisher Name
J. Audubon
Edition State
II
Edition Watermark
Top right (sideways): "J WHATMAN/ 1832"
Coloring
Hand colored with watercolors
Edition Notes
From the first edition double-elephant folio of John James Audubon, The Birds of America (London: J. J. Audubon, 1827-39). Plate legend varies; first state plate legend is N.\o 9. Plate 44./ [lower right] Summer Red Bird Male old 1. Young 2. F. 3./ TANAGRA ÆSTIVA./ Plant Vulgo, Wild Muscadine./ Vitis rotundifolia.